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| Image source Image is of three platform games side by side. |
Anyways, thanks for reading and talk soon,
-Megan
Here is the link to my google doc that has my annotated bibliography.
Annotated Bibliography:
Kao, D. & De Simone, J.J. (August 2019) Exploring how Preference and Perceived Performance Vary in Different Game Genres Across Time of Day. : Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 1-5.In this article, the authors are discussing how people prefer playing different genres at different times of the day. It is a very interesting read, to see how there is a difference between the two. People seem to prefer the evenings to play first-person shooter and other RPG games. They’re most common between the times of 6 pm and 12 am. Whereas Puzzle and Board / Card are more common between the times of 6 am and 12 pm. The authors talk about how there is a difference in athletic performance peaks and core body temperature in the evening which would say why people prefer the first-person shooter and RPG games then. There’s quicker reaction time needed for them and they have more of that in the evening and at night time. Puzzle and board/card games being more relaxed are better suited for the morning due to less tired. This is the first study that has gone into a specific time of day effects for playing games. The authors got this information from doing the study on 504 gamers. They had them answer two different questions. They then did up a survey that took about 5-10 minutes to answer. In the survey the authors asked the gamers to rank genre preferences, to say the certain time of day they prefer to play a specific genre at, and finally, to say when they think they would be more successful in the games their playing and the genres. They made sure they got people who played games on a regular basis to answer the survey only. The authors have a lot of research done yet leave it open for more people to look into this further. I think this would be interesting research I can use as I don’t have anything like it. It is very interesting research and I don’t think many people would think that time of day would affect what game genres you play.
Heintz, S. & Law, E.L. (2015) The Game Genre Map: A Revised Game Classification. Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery.
In this article, the authors are discussing how they think the game genres that exist today lack clarity and aren’t a good way of separating games into categories. They made a survey to collect data regarding how people play and perceive games that they are familiar with. With the responses, they developed a new method of categorizing the games into new and improved genres. They called it the Game Elements-Attributes Model and GEAM for short. In the article, the authors describe a game genre as is the mechanics and styles of gameplay. They went on to say that game type is similar to a game genre but game type would be architecture and functionally. They also stated that game class would describe the player’s behavior and experience. They have stated several issues with the game genres that exist today, these include, they’re not clearly defined, there is no set relation between genres, the definitions of the genres are based on different aspects and finally, different sources use a different set of genres. There have been other authors too who have stated a concern that game genres lack clarity and didn’t think they had consistency throughout and they proposed new and alternative versions of genres. With all their research and surveys they carried out they were able to suggest a new way to group games together. There would be 5 different genres as follows, mini-game, action, adventure, role-play, and resource. They got rid of both the simulation game genre and the sports game genre as they thought the simulation would fit into the genre of resource and sport would fit into action. The puzzle genre was renamed to mini-game, and the strategy genre was renamed resource. Having a game with multiple genres is still possible as they say there was always an overlap. In conclusion, I think this would be really good research for me to use as it shows why the genres we have today might not be the best thing to categorize games with.
Rehbein, F., Staudt, A., Hanslmaier, M. & Kliem, S. (2016) Video Game Playing in the General Adult Population of Germany: Can Higher Gaming Time of Males be Explained by Gender-Specific Genre Preferences? Computers in Human Behavior. 55 pp. 729-735.
In this article, the authors are discussing the idea that higher gaming time in males is down to gender-specific genre preferences. The study took place in Germany so there is more research needed for different countries to see if the results differ or stay the same. The study included 3073 people. They asked the participants how long they spent gaming on weekdays and weekends. The results for normal/frequent gamers said on average the women spent 77.3 minutes per day playing video games. Male normal/frequent gamers on average spent 97.7 minutes a day. They discovered that on average the genres role-playing, shooter, sports, racing, action and adventure, and strategy are preferred by males compared to females. While on average the genre brain and skills are the only ones preferred by women. The genre of the simulation was preferred by both males and women. Both shooter games and role-playing games are usually at the highest daily gaming time which would make sense as to why males would have a higher gaming time due to males preferring both genres. On average males that took part in this study spent 20 minutes more playing video games than women do. This is due to a number of factors including education, genre, age, and employment. The authors state that people who are highly educated do not have as much free time as people who have lower education. In conclusion, males do spend more playing games than women do. I think this would be really useful to use in my research as it’s the first gender-based study on the genre I have come across.
Na, E., Choi, I., Taek-Ho Lee, Lee, H., Mi, J.R., Cho, H., Dong, J.J. & Dai-Jin Kim. (2017) The Influence of Game Genre on Internet Gaming Disorder. Journal of Behavioral Addictions J Behav Addict. 6 (2), pp. 248-255.
In this paper, the authors discuss internet gaming disorder and how specific genres might affect this disorder. They state there hasn’t been a lot of research into how specific genres influence internet gaming disorder. They used four types of genre to test, real-time strategy games (RTS), massive multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG), sports games, and first-person shooter games (FPS). They did an anonymous online survey to conduct their research. 2923 people participated in the survey. They all played one of the four genres listed above. They discovered that of the 2923 people who took part in the study, 494 people met the criteria of internet gaming disorder. 72.5% of those were male and 27.5% were female. 32.2% of those who met the criteria were MMORPG players, this was the highest percent when it came to the genres. 28.1% were RTS players, 19.8% were FPS players and finally, 19.8% were sport game players. Overall, more of the MMORPG players and FPS players met the criteria of potentially having internet gaming disorder compared to the percentage of people who play the other genre. These results do suggest that people who play these two genres have a higher chance of developing internet gaming disorder. They noticed how each genre group that met the criteria of Internet gaming disorder had specific gaming patterns. They were different per genre and went hand and hand with internet gaming disorder. It includes spending a lot of time playing games during the week for RTS players. Joining clubs and the time spent gaming for MMORPG players. Using PC rooms for sports players. Finally, joining clubs for FPS players. Another common thing found in the players of each genre is anxiety. Whereas impulsivity was common among RTS, sports games, and FPS gamers. In conclusion, people with internet gaming disorder in each genre had specific characteristics and gaming patterns. This research and further research could help people who have the potential of developing internet gaming disorder in the future.
Peever, N., Johnson, D. & Gardner, J. (2012) Personality & Video Game Genre Preferences. Proceedings of the 8th Australasian Conference on Interactive Entertainment: Playing the System. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery.
In this paper, the authors are discussing how people’s personalities could make them have particular preferences for video game genres. There are five broad types of personality being used in the research. They are known as “The Big Five” model. It takes different things into account to decide your personality type like your interpersonal skills, attitude, motivations, emotional and experimental styles. The five different types are known “as openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism”. 466 people took part in the study, they had to complete an online survey. The participants had to fill out which their favourite game genres were on a scale from 1 to 7. The list of genres included action role-playing, board or card games, action-adventure, casual, education, fighting, flight, massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPG), music, party, platformer, puzzle, racing, real-time strategy, role-playing (RPG), shooters, simulation, sports, text adventure, and turn-based strategy. The participants also had to state their current video game behaviour and answer about their personality relating back to The Big Five model. The results show that they were correct in saying personality is connected to what genre of games people prefer. For example, people with the personality type extraversion, party, music, and casual games came up a lot compared to the other genres. People with the personality of conscientiousness, sport, racing, flight simulation, simulation, and fighting games were up on top compared to other genres. For openness to experience, there was a significant connection with action-adventure and platformer games. From reading the paper there is a definite link to personality types and genre preference. The authors aim in the future to explore this topic more and branch off to other similar topics.
Lewis, J.P., McGuire, M. & Fox, P. (2007) Mapping the Mental Space of Game Genres. Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Video Games. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery.
In this paper, the authors discuss game genres and more specifically how they group together now but how they’ve come up with a better way of grouping them together. They say by doing it this way it could make it easier for online stores to give game recommendations and evaluate a games market potential before production along with other reasons. They state that by mapping it this way it’s more challenging. This is due to games varying and appearing in different spots. The authors state that they think that they’re the first people to use these techniques in games. They decided to do an online survey for their research. They also needed a way of pairing similarities for many games. They did a pilot study first to see how their research would come out and if they could improve it in any way before the actual study. By doing the pilot study they found out that Isomap would probably be best for their study as it will give reasonable results. They had 124 participants rate 92 games by saying if games were similar or not. Out of the 92 games, it made up 4186 possible comparisons of games. With the results of the study, they found out people group games by content which is the setting or aesthetic rather than the primary mechanic which they group second. On the map, you can see new genres forming from similar games yet also traditional ones staying together. This study shows that players' interpretation of the games matches the developers’ priorities of content and aesthetics first, then mechanics, and then finally technology being third. They have a cluster on the map called “run and gun” this cluster contained first-person shooter games but also 2D platform games. They were ranked as similar games. So, fans of first-person shooter games would tend to be a fan of the likes of Super Mario Bros. So, by looking at this study you’d see that the map and how it’s arranged might contradict genres that exist today.
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